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''En passant'' (from (フランス語:in passing)) is a move in chess. It is a special pawn capture, that can only occur immediately after a pawn moves two ranks forward from its starting position, and an enemy pawn could have captured it had the pawn moved only one square forward. The opponent captures the just-moved pawn "as it passes" through the first square. The resulting position is the same as if the pawn had moved only one square forward and the enemy pawn had captured it normally. The ''en passant'' capture must be made at the very next turn, or the right to do so is lost.〔(FIDE rules (''En Passant'' is rule 3.7, part d) )〕 It is the only occasion in chess in which a piece is captured but is not replaced on its square by the capturing piece. Like any other move, if an ''en passant'' capture is the only legal move available, it must be made. ''En passant'' capture is a common theme in chess compositions. The ''en passant'' capture rule was added in the 15th century when the rule that gave pawns an initial double-step move was introduced. It prevents a pawn from using the two-square advance to pass an adjacent enemy pawn without the risk of being captured. A pawn on its fifth rank may capture an enemy pawn on an adjacent file that has moved two squares in a single move, ''as if the pawn had moved only one square''. The conditions are: * the capturing pawn must be on its fifth rank; * the captured pawn must be on an adjacent file and must have just moved two squares in a single move (i.e. a double-step move); * the capture can only be made on the move immediately after the opposing pawn makes the double-step move; otherwise the right to capture it ''en passant'' is lost. ''En passant'' is the only occasion in chess in which the capturing piece does not replace the captured piece on its square.〔 〕 ==Examples== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「en passant」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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